Articles

Essays and technical notes on backend architecture, databases, and systems engineering.

System ArchitectureNov 4, 2026

Database Indexing: What It Changes and How to Measure It

Understanding B-tree index mechanics in PostgreSQL, analyzing execution plans with EXPLAIN ANALYZE, and avoiding premature over-indexing traps.

3 min read·229 reads

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Backend EngineeringNov 2, 2026

Designing Authentication and Session Invalidation in Laravel

A practical guide to implementing robust authentication, token lifecycle management, and immediate cross-device session invalidation in modern Laravel applications.

4 min read·141 reads

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